Vajrapani thangka painting represents the iconography of Vajrapani the "Holder of hunderbolt", used as an aid of ritual and tantric practice. Vajrapani is a bodhisattva, a being who has attained enlightenment but chooses to remain in the world to help others reach the same state, in Mahayana Buddhism. He is considered the protector and guide of the Buddha, and is often depicted holding a vajra, a ritual object syTmbolizing indestructibility and the power to cut through ignorance.

Vajrapani is known for his fierce and powerful appearance, often depicted as a muscular figure with a fierce expression and dark blue skin. He holds a vajra in his right hand and a lasso in his left hand, which he uses to capture and subdue negative influences and obstacles on the path to enlightenment.

He is portrayed in Vajrapani thangka paintings standing on a prostrate figure, symbolizing his subjugation of the forces of evil. In addition to his protective role, Vajrapani is also associated with the practice of tantra and is considered the embodiment of the Buddha's power. He is often depicted in mandalas, intricate diagrams of the universe that are used in tantric practices, as the protector of the mandala.

Vajrapani is also considered one of the eight great bodhisattvas, along with Manjushri and Avalokiteshvara, who are said to be the most revered and powerful bodhisattvas in Mahayana Buddhism. Each of the eight bodhisattvas represents a different aspect of the path to enlightenment and are often depicted together in tibetan thangka arts and sculptures.

Vajrapani is also honored in many Buddhist countries, in particular in Nepal and Tibet where he is considered as one of the three main protectors of Buddhism together with Manjugosha and Avalokiteshvara. In addition to statues and paintings, Vajrapani is also honored in rituals and ceremonies, and his image is used in meditation practices.

Vajrapani mantra "Om Vajrapani Hum," is also a popular one to recite for protection and to invoke the power of the Buddha.